Romanticism and Realism
Romanticism was an artistic, literary, musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850. Romanticism was characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism as well as glorification of all the past and nature, preferring the medieval rather than the classical. It was partly a reaction to the Industrial Revolution,[1]the aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment, and the scientific rationalization of nature
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanticism)
In the video dedicated to the Romantic Period, Delacroix is mentioned as a painter of the romanticism and many of his paintings are famous, to start with «La Liberté» the icon of the French Revolution. He traveled to North Africa and painted also exotic scenes. He was influenced by italian painters such as Rubens, and his paintings are full of movement and colour.
The paintings of his fellow countryman Gericault belong to the same family.
The paintings of his fellow countryman Gericault belong to the same family.
However other romantic painters are quite distinct and their paintings have a personal trait, as is the case of Turner and the beautiful light of his landscapes.
Goya with the dark gloomy and dramatic famous painting The Third of May 1808. William Blake mystic paintings like the Ancient of Days
Khan Academy has good pages on Art, namely this one on French Romanticism - https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/becoming-modern/romanticism/romanticism-in-france/a/romanticism-in-france and more about romanticism in - http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/romanticism.htm.
Realismo
Realism was an artistic movement that began in France in the 1850s, after the 1848 Revolution. Realists rejected Romanticism, which had dominated French literature and art since the late 18th century. Realism revolted against the exotic subject matter and exaggerated emotionalism and drama of the Romantic movement. Instead it sought to portray real and typical contemporary people and situations with truth and accuracy, and not avoiding unpleasant or sordid aspects of life. Realist works depicted people of all classes in situations that arise in ordinary life, and often reflected the changes brought by the Industrial and Commercial Revolutions. The popularity of such "realistic" works grew with the introduction of photography—a new visual source that created a desire for people to produce representations which look objectively real. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realism_(art_movement)
Some examples were presented in the course such as Courbet and Millet paintings, our portuguese Malhoa also painted realist scenes
Women painters
One of the course videos is dedicated to women painters who were rare. Louise Vigée le Brun was the portrait painter preferred by Marie Antonette. Another of her contemporaries was Labille-Guiard. I decided to share with peers some of the portugese women painters.
